Unique Transcriptional Signatures Observed in Stem Cells from the Dental Pulp of Deciduous Teeth Produced on a Large Scale

Background and Objective: For sharing transcriptomic signatures with their origin, each population of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) exhibits unique properties. This study aimed to identify the transcriptomic signature of Human Immature Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hIDPSCs), a special type of MSC. Materials and Methods: To provide further evidence which may support the distinctive neuroprotective, neuroregenerative properties of hIDPSCs, it was performed the transcriptome analysis of these cells produced on a large-scale using RNA-Seq. Data were analyzed using bioinformatics tools to obtain the list of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The DEGs identified in the hIDPSCs were subjected to functional enrichment analysis. Results: The data obtained were compared with the public data of RNA-Se from 136 samples from different donors of Adipocyte-Derived (AD-MSC), Bone Marrow (BM-MSC), Hepatocyte-Derived (HD-MSC), Menstrual Blood (MB-MSC), Umbilical Cord (UC-MSC) and Vertebral Tissue (vMSC) MSCs. These analyses showed that the hIDPSC shares at least 72% of transcripts with MSC from other sources. However, the cells have a unique transcriptional signature characterized by the differential expression of genes that promote axon growth and guidance. Conclusion: The unique transcriptional signature of the hIDPSCs provides evidence that the NestaCell^® changes has neuro regenerative and neuroprotective actions, justifying the therapeutic effects we observed in both preclinical and clinical studies for neurodegenerative disorders.